The environmental impact of machining is presented in terms of the damage to human health, ecosystem quality, and resources. To reconcile the conflicting requirements of economic growth and environmental protection, a paradigm shift towards integrated sustainability and high performance machining is discussed in the light of the new industrial revolution I5.0. Implementation of the sustainability strategy showed that the use of innovative and eco-friendly cooling/ lubrication methods in machining can significantly reduce the environmental impact and improve productivity, part quality, and process economics at the same time. Implementation of the resilience strategy, through a cyber-physical adaptive control system, showed up to 50% and 35% of combined reduction in the production cycle time and cost, respectively, as well as extending the tool life and eliminating the part damage.