This paper offers a concise overview of the main strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, as derived from the institutional, policy and regulatory framework governing wastewater treatment and reuse in three Mediterranean countries. The SWOT analysis is based on a desk review of available reports, assessment studies and interviews with representatives of the public authorities involved at the national, regional and local level in Tunisia, Lebanon and Spain. This stakeholder-based SWOT analysis was performed to develop a strategic action plan for the implementation of an eco-innovative domestic wastewater treatment process scheme that is promoted in the aforementioned countries through pilot demonstration and operational application, with the aim to change the present paradigm of viewing wastewater as an unsafe effluent, to that of an abundant all-year-round resource that has multiple uses.